This is really absurd. My cello teacher is L .... I am not a friend on her Facebook page or anywhere else digitally connected to her. Her RL friends are B,...and F......Of course, I know those people. I have met them.
But all of a sudden their pictures show up in the list. "Add as friends" on my Herman Bergson Facebook page. In a way I was shocked. How can that be?
I mean, there was never a digital connection between these persons and me. And yet I got those friendship invites. I only have one explanation: my teacher has a Facebook group account of her students.
I am in it since last Xmas and that account must be the only way to link me to her friends. Really absurd. My fun.......I accepted the Facebook friendship offers. Just for fun and because they are nice people and to see what will happen.
Nevertheless, it makes you think. Is there some AI module on Facebook that connects all the dots, however small they may be? This is really a little scary. You are spied upon without you knowing it.
But this is beside our point. Just wanted to tell you. In the previous lecture, we talked about how AI deals with language and whether AI actually understands the statements it produces.
Here we see again the difference between the rationalist and empiricist approach to the issue. ELIZA is a typical rationalist approach: give her all the rules, data, and logic and it works.
The empiricist approach is called distributed semantics. This approach looks at the close companionship of a word, that means, at the surrounding words.
These surrounding words form the context of a word. In practice, this leads to a method that keeps track of how often words occur together.
Depending on the approach chosen, these are only the words immediately before and after the word in question, or also the words further down the sentence.
Or to put it into ChatGPT talk: Distributed semantics, in the context of natural language processing and computational linguistics, refers to the idea that meaning can be represented and understood through the distributional properties of language.
It is based on the principle that words that occur in similar contexts tend to have similar meanings. This notion is often encapsulated in the distributional hypothesis,
which posits that words with similar meanings tend to occur in similar contexts and therefore have similar distributions across a corpus of text. -End ChatGPT-
Or to put it in a simpler way: what AI does here with understanding language, for instance the word "table" in some text. The AI looks around and encounters the word "wood" three times.
Then it LEARNS, that "table" and "wood" have a meaningful relation. So whenever AI has to deal with the concept "table", it might tell you that it is a wooden object.
More than 40 years ago I learned to program in PROLOG, a computer language used to create expert systems. Then I also learned about neural networks.
I never got into that, but this system of distributed semantics makes use of neural networks and uses terms like "neurons". Sounds really human, but it is still about machines.
So, to educate myself I started a conversation with ChatGPT about neural networks [pand got really interesting answers to my questions. That is for next Tuesday.
Thank you for your attention again...
Main Sources:
MacMillan The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2nd edition
TABLE OF CONTENT -----------------------------------------------------------------
1 - 100 Philosophers 9 May 2009 Start of
2 - 25+ Women Philosophers 10 May 2009 this blog
3 - 25 Adventures in Thinking 10 May 2009
4 - Modern Theories of Ethics 29 Oct 2009
5 - The Ideal State 24 Febr 2010 / 234
6 - The Mystery of the Brain 3 Sept 2010 / 266
7 - The Utopia of the Free Market 16 Febr 2012 / 383
8. - The Aftermath of Neo-liberalism 5 Sept 2012 / 413
9. - The Art Not to Be an Egoist 6 Nov 2012 / 426
10 - Non-Western Philosophy 29 May 2013 / 477
11 - Why Science is Right 2 Sept 2014 / 534
12 - A Philosopher looks at Atheism 1 Jan 2015 / 557
13 - EVIL, a philosophical investigation 17 Apr 2015 / 580
14 - Existentialism and Free Will 2 Sept 2015 / 586
15 - Spinoza 2 Sept 2016 / 615
16 - The Meaning of Life 13 Febr 2017 / 637
17 - In Search of my Self 6 Sept 2017 / 670
18 - The 20th Century Revisited 3 Apr 2018 / 706
19 - The Pessimist 11 Jan 2020 / 819
20 - The Optimist 9 Febr 2020 / 824
21 - Awakening from a Neoliberal Dream 8 Oct 2020 / 872
22 - A World Full of Patterns 1 Apr 2021 / 912
23 - The Concept of Freedom 8 Jan 2022 / 965
24 - Materialism 7 Sept 2022 / 1011
25 - Historical Materialism 5 Oct 2023 / 1088
26 - The Bonobo and the Atheist 9 Jan 2024 / 1102
27 - Artificial Intelligence 9 Feb 2024 / 1108
The Discussion
[13:14] .: Beertje :. (beertje.beaumont): Thank you Herman
[13:14] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): ㋡
[13:14] herman Bergson: Hascinating stuff, if you ask me,,,
[13:14] herman Bergson: Fascinating
[13:14] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): well not all tables are made from wood mut its clearly the BEST table material id say
[13:14] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): I am looking for good freeeeee AI to play with
[13:14] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): at least in general
[13:14] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): not paying for it yet
[13:15] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): plastic tables are ugly
[13:15] herman Bergson: there is...
[13:15] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): well glass also works
[13:15] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): table of data
[13:15] herman Bergson: replika.com, if I am not mistaken
[13:15] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): oh?
[13:15] Max Chatnoir: So is a neural network like a program?
[13:15] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): I will check it
[13:15] Max Chatnoir: Or like the computer itself?
[13:15] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): well it is more or less a software version of how our neurons work in the brain
[13:15] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): as i get it
[13:16] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): neuron simulator
[13:16] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): make the computer think like we do
[13:16] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): sort of
[13:16] herman Bergson: It is a computer program indeed Max, but let's keep that for next Tuesday otherwise I qam out of a job :-)
[13:16] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): ㋡
[13:16] Max Chatnoir: Never!
[13:16] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate) GIGGLES!!
[13:16] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): ...LOL...
[13:17] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): there is a lot more talk of AI everywhere
[13:17] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): i remember trying to program one of those things a while ago to see how it worked but dod not grasp the concept really so did not get very far then
[13:17] herman Bergson: Besides...as they call it....spoiler alert ...
[13:17] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): Connecticut tried to pass a law regulating it .. failed
[13:17] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): sort of siloly
[13:17] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): silly
[13:17] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): one little state trying alone
[13:17] herman Bergson: Regulate what Gemma?
[13:18] Max Chatnoir: regulating neural networks?
[13:18] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): AI usage
[13:18] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): I did nto read it all because I knew it would go nowhere
[13:18] Max Chatnoir: They might need AI to do that!
[13:18] herman Bergson: How can you capture that in law s?
[13:18] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): TERMINATOR IS HERE TO TAKE OVER THE WORLD AND WIPE OUT HUMANITY!!!
[13:18] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): preventing certain things to stop misinformatilon
[13:19] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): which may be good but not without a lot of knowledge about AI
[13:19] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): naaa, and after all we do that best ourself as it is with dudes like Putin and Nethanyau
[13:19] herman Bergson: Seeems to me inpossible
[13:19] Max Chatnoir: Can AI identify misinformation?
[13:19] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): we dont need terminators for that as it looks now sadly
[13:19] herman Bergson: We all can lie :-)
[13:19] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): aaa can an AI lie?
[13:19] herman Bergson: That is a good point Max...
[13:19] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): indeed
[13:19] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): lots of misinformation is out there about for example elections
[13:20] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): in this year of election
[13:20] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): showing up on X
[13:20] Max Chatnoir: Chat GPT makes stuff up. Is that lying or creating?
[13:20] herman Bergson: For AI can create the voice of a person and make him say whatever.....
[13:20] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): you tube
[13:20] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): etc
[13:20] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): correct
[13:20] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): well crap in = crap out so feed ai bogus and it will spit out bogus, like the benefits of pigs eating glass and such
[13:21] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): that is what needs to be watched and researched by knowledgeable people
[13:21] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): but is it then lying?
[13:21] herman Bergson: this is really aproblem these days
[13:21] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): yes
[13:21] Max Chatnoir: Do you have to know you are lying to be lying?
[13:21] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): only one example
[13:21] .: Beertje :. (beertje.beaumont): who are these knowledgeable people?
[13:21] herman Bergson: I hove no idea if there is software that can detect such fraud
[13:22] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): i say to lie it must be a deliberate action and wrong data + very possible buggy programming from the devs so i say a computer cant really ie in that way
[13:22] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): or idk
[13:22] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): that is the issue
[13:22] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): the computer dont know it lies it uses what it has
[13:23] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): aliens landed in New York
[13:23] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): = lot lying
[13:23] Max Chatnoir: Chat GPT will apologize if you tell it it has said something that is not true.
[13:23] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): not
[13:23] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate) GIGGLES!!
[13:23] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): ...LOL...
[13:23] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): how nice Max
[13:23] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): ok ㋡
[13:23] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): some AI also apologise when asked about a health issue
[13:23] herman Bergson: " Do you have to know you are lying to be lying" funny remak, Max. If your name is DJ Trump...the answer is NO
[13:23] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): call your doctor
[13:23] Max Chatnoir: I don't know if that stops it from making the same error again.
[13:24] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): i say YES a computer can lie but it bust then be something the programmer put in like a lying function in the code
[13:24] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): a deliberate action the software can take, but is that still a lie?
[13:24] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): tricky
[13:24] herman Bergson: No Bejiita...a computer can not lie....
[13:24] Max Chatnoir: Wow, that is complicated!
[13:25] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): its a machine still yes
[13:25] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): it has no wants or desires
[13:25] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): like lying
[13:25] herman Bergson: To lie is a moral issue...and computers have no moral...they are just machines
[13:25] .: Beertje :. (beertje.beaumont): the only person that knows that i'm lying is me myself and I
[13:25] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): Grammerly is a nice writing tool that is based on AI
[13:26] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): even if u code a "lie" function, what would also then trigger that function
[13:26] herman Bergson: Dont tell the others Beertje :-))
[13:26] herman Bergson: But you are right
[13:26] .: Beertje :. (beertje.beaumont): shh
[13:26] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): suggest best grammer
[13:26] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): how would the cpmputer decode its now time to lie
[13:26] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): mmm
[13:26] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): decide
[13:26] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): it cant
[13:26] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): input was a lie
[13:27] herman Bergson: Bejiita...we have to put the lie in the computer before it can lie
[13:27] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): right
[13:27] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): only things are say random number generator or a specific event in some text it gets for input, predetermined events
[13:27] herman Bergson: and even then it doesnt lie....it was us
[13:27] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): exactly
[13:27] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): we set up the events for making it do that when certain conditions meet
[13:28] Max Chatnoir: So when Chat GPT makes up an LSL function, it's just picking something that is probable based on other functions?
[13:28] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): then call Lie();
[13:28] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): aaa
[13:28] herman Bergson: I think so, Max
[13:28] Max Chatnoir: llLie(0)
[13:28] Max Chatnoir: haha
[13:29] herman Bergson: That means the owber is lieing, Max :-)
[13:29] herman Bergson: Bu t to get back to our main issue here
[13:30] herman Bergson: Have some fun with ELIZA..I can recommend it....
[13:30] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): same with my Unity and Unreal C++. AI can handle that. There is however no way really getting it to understand say Blueprints because thats a visual language and so it would require millions of screenshots of Unreal Blueprints in all combos to train that
[13:30] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): so that dont really work for AI
[13:30] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): regarding programming
[13:30] herman Bergson: The next stage is langiuage manipulation by AI using neural networks...
[13:31] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): ok
[13:31] herman Bergson: Next lecture I'll try to explain some of what that means
[13:31] Max Chatnoir: Thanks!
[13:31] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): good
[13:31] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): ㋡
[13:31] Guestboook van tipjar stand: Gemma Cleanslate donated L$100. Thank you very much, it is much appreciated!
[13:31] herman Bergson: and I can tell you...it can be scry
[13:31] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): sigh
[13:31] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): hope i make it
[13:31] herman Bergson: scary
[13:31] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): aaah
[13:31] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): i can imagine
[13:32] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): uncanny valley
[13:32] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): among other tings
[13:32] herman Bergson: So...thank you all again...have a nice weekend....
[13:32] herman Bergson: Class dismissed...
[13:32] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): ㋡
[13:32] bergfrau Apfelbaum: thank you! Herman and class
[13:32] .: Beertje :. (beertje.beaumont): thank you Herman
[13:32] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): YAY! (yay!)
[13:33] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): herman did you think about a display for the sl birthday?
[13:33] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): this summer?
[13:33] herman Bergson: What do you mean Gemma?
[13:33] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): the applications are open
[13:34] herman Bergson: Oh..some even....
[13:34] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): last year you brought the classroom into the reguibs
[13:34] herman Bergson: event...
[13:34] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): think about ut
[13:34] herman Bergson: yes...to no effect...
[13:34] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): aaaa yes
[13:34] herman Bergson: My mind isnt set to things like thata now
[13:34] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): hmm ok, it was a nice thing though
[13:35] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): ah
[13:35] Max Chatnoir: I remember seeing it.
[13:35] Particle Physicist Bejiita (bejiita.imako): went through there aso however did not saw many others there, were some people walking by I rmemeber while checking
[13:35] Gemma (gemma.cleanslate): yes it was great
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